She left her children in a convent and began training with the SOE. Odette was a courier for the SPINDLE circuit of Special Operations Executive (SOE), the secret sabotage outfit Winston Churchill had charged to set Europe ablaze. She was a wife and mother of three who didnt drink, smoke or swear, and to the casual observer she was quite ordinary, perhaps even boring. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. The biography of Odette Sansom Churchill (1912-1995) is absolutely amazing. This essay consists of three articles that examine different aspects of the history of prisoners of war. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. In commemoration of those women of the SOE who were executed by the Nazis, there is a plaque at St. Paul's Knightsbridge, dedicated on May 7, 1948. Sansom rejected the overtures. "[27] In 1955, she co-founded the annual Women of the Year Lunch with Tony Lothian and Lady Georgina Coleridge (journalist and daughter of the Marquess of Tweeddale). Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our. U.S. Through an ingenious plot, Bleicher arrested Odette and her commanding officer, Peter Churchill (no relation to the prime minister), on April 16, 1942. She was captured six months later and imprisoned in Fresne, the Gestapo prison in Paris. It does not store any personal data. On April 28, 1945, on her 33rd birthday, Sansom was released from Ravensbrck weighing less than 90 pounds. The purpose of these photos was to determine the exact topography of a particular section. The Germans wanted to know the true identity of Spindle's wireless operator, "Arnaud," as well as the whereabouts of a British officer, Captain Francis Cammaerts, who had landed in the plane which had taken Churchill to England. Roy and Odette's marriage was dissolved in 1946 and she married Peter Churchill in 1947.[25]. Check out this video. [4], George Starr, one of SOE's most successful agents and a self-described martinet, called Sansom "a dreadful lady" and deplored what he portrayed as her seductive behaviour. The torture involved, beatings, having her toenails torn out and her spine branded by a hot iron. [33], Documents disclosed long after the war indicate that her superiors had to fight for Sansom's George Cross, because she was unable to prove that she had been tortured by the Nazis and that she had not betrayed her fellow agents. German administrator, military commander She had kept silent, but she knew about the other things the Gestapo did to women and, alone in the darkness of the prison, she feared her strength might not last. [21], In June 1943 Sansom was condemned to death on two counts, to which she responded, "Then you will have to make up your mind on what count I am to be executed, because I can only die once." Meanwhile, Sansom was feeling powerless. In December 1946, giving evidence at a war crimes trial in Hamburg, she would describe how she had seen women being driven screaming and struggling to the crematorium doors. Hearing the broadcast, Sansom wrote that she had photographs taken around Boulogne, but she mistakenly sent her letter to the War Office instead of the Admiralty. A French agent working for the British during World War II, Odette Sansom left three small daughters to join the Resistance in 1942. Sansom, an elegant, vivacious young Frenchwoman who had been living in England, detested the Nazi system, the police state, and Hitler. When he assures her that he means no harm, Odette reveals to him that she and her companions have been placed under a spell by the wicked Von Rothbart. She arrived on July 18, 1944, two days before a now-famous failed plot by members of Hitler's inner circle to assassinate him. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1980. [35], She served as a technical advisor on a film on her fellow SOE agent Violette Szabo, Carve Her Name with Pride. [36], On 6 March 2020 Great Western Railway named a Class 800 train after her; the ceremony in Odette's honour was held at Paddington Station in London and attended by Anne, Princess Royal.[37]. London: R. Hale, 1976. She was to land on the Mediterranean coast and work her way north, where SOE hoped to establish a new circuit. (Photo by Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty Images). Two of those escaped, and Sansom returned, the lone survivor. She was captured by the Gestapo and sent to Ravensbruck concentration camp, but survived the war. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. You are welcome to search for what you are looking for with the form below. It was at Fresne Prison that they tortured Sansom. ended in divorce in 1956 and she married Geoffrey Hallowes, a wine She was brutally interrogated in prison before being deported to Germany and eventually executed at Ravensbrck concentration camp in 1945. I won't let them have me." The following month she was sent to Ravensbruck After a lengthy fire-fight Violette was eventually captured. And as every spy knew, the Gestapo needed to turn only one operative to infiltrate a circuit and spoil the lot. What can I eat if everything makes me sick? They were not expected to carry out acts of sabotage or to join in guerilla operations, though there were exceptions. In fact, Peter Churchill was not related to the British prime minister. After the British evacuation of Dunkirk, the War Office had made a radio appeal to the public for pictures of the French coast. Odette Sansom GC, MBE (28 April 1912 - 13 March 1995), also known as Odette Churchill and Odette Hallowes, code named Lise, was an agent for the United Kingdom's clandestine Special Operations Executive (SOE) in France during the Second World War.The purpose of SOE was to conduct espionage, sabotage, and reconnaissance in occupied Europe . That brought her to the attention of Colonel Maurice Buckmaster's Special Operations Executive. 19561995 Odette, who by that time had married her third husband and become Odette Hallowes, died in 1995 at the age of 82. Before spies left England, Scotland Yard detectives scrutinized their clothing. Including; Hitler, Churchill, Stalin, Roosevelt, Truman, Emperor Hirohito, Eisenhower, Rommel and De Gaulle. Churchill and Sansom claimed they were a married couple and related to Winston Churchill to make themselves seem more valuable as prisoners and less likely to be executed as spies. "If you tell me what you want me to do and release one hand I will do it." On 16th April, 1943, Sansom and Churchill were arrested by Hugo Bleicher of Abwehr. The fact she survived undetected for over a year is a testimony to her care and professionalism. Magazines, Digital She died on 13 March 1995 in Walton-on-Thames, Surrey, England, aged 82. She became a national heroine and in 1950,a filmwas made about her. Please try again later. [17], In Ravensbruck Sansom was kept in a punishment block cell, on a starvation diet, and could hear other prisoners being beaten. 2023 TIME USA, LLC. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. "I am interested to see, monsieur, that you consider it necessary to defend what you have just done," said Sansom. 47 frontage. Jorioz by Hugo Bleicher of the Abwehr. "Tortured French Woman Decorated by George VI," in The New York Times. Heroes and Heroines. Four female SOE agents had been put to death in a concentration camp by lethal injection that month. Two years later, Marianne was born. When German counter-intelligence became more of a threat, Churchill moved his circuit of saboteurs and information gatherers to Upper Savoy in February 1943. ." The pain was excruciating. She was told that the War Office needed people who knew and loved France, people who could move about the country freely without attracting attention. Charles de Gaulle led the Free French forces in resisting capitulation to Germany during World War II and became provisional president of France in the immediate aftermath of the war. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Women were employed by SOE for field work, generally as couriers, and frequently as wireless operators. She was captured six months later and imprisoned in Fresne, the Gestapo prison in Paris. According to the Geneva Convention, women were not allowed to engage in physical combat, but she wanted desperately to fight the Nazis and decided to volunteer for the war effort in any way she could. Other The marriage [30], She was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire[31] and was the first of three Second World War First Aid Nursing Yeomanry members to be awarded the George Cross (gazetted 20 August 1946), all for work with the SOE. EXCLUSIVE: Odette Sansom had fallen for her supervisor and lied to the Nazis that she was in charge leading to two years of torture. But, eventually, the camp was overrun, and she won her freedom as the Camp commandant tried to use her as a hostage. She was captured six months later and imprisoned in Fresne, the Gestapo prison in Paris. [21], After the Allied landings in the south of France in August 1944, on orders from Berlin, all food was withdrawn for a week, all light was removed from Sansom's cell, and the heat was turned up. Member of the Order of the British Empire, Member of the Order of the British Empire (Civil), Archives communales et communautaires d'Amiens, "Odette Sansom Special Operations Executive (SOE) Agents in France", "Sansom, Odette Marie Cline (Imperial War Museums interview) Reel One", "War heroine Odette was deemed 'too temperamental' for spying", "Sansom, Odette Marie Cline (Imperial War Museums interview) Reel Two", "Peter Churchill, British Hero Of the French Resistance, Dies", "Sansom, Odette Marie Cline (Imperial War Museums interview) Reel Three", "GWR train named after decorated WWII spy Odette Hallowes", Newsreel footage of marriage to Peter Churchill, 1947, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Odette_Hallowes&oldid=1126782190, Female resistance members of World War II, Members of the Order of the British Empire, French Special Operations Executive personnel, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Pages containing London Gazette template with parameter supp set to y, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 11 December 2022, at 06:02. Your email address will not be published. She refused to disclose the whereabouts of Rabinovitch and another British agent, stuck to her fabricated cover story that Churchill was the nephew of Prime Minister Winston Churchill, that she was his wife, and that he knew nothing of her activities. [19], Sansom succeeded in diverting attention from Churchill, who was subject to only two interrogations, and protected the identities of the two officers whose locations were known only to her. At age 78, in October 1990, Sansom sat with a reporter for the London Sunday Times. Spies were chosen carefully. In fact, Peter Churchill was not related to the British prime minister. . 1932); Lily (b. Susan Slosberg , writer, New Rochelle, New York. Encyclopedia.com. However, the evaluation noted "her patriotism and keenness to do something for France." Sansom instructed Rabinovich to send a wireless message to SOE headquarters in London reporting the contact. Larry Loftis is the author of CODE NAME: LISEThe True Story of the Woman Who Became WWIIs Most Highly Decorated Spy, available now from Gallery Books. [22] Sansom removed Suhren's pistol, which is now held in the Imperial War Museum.[23]. Still Odette refused to speak. While her brother, Louis, went to school at the Lyce, Odette was sent to the Convent of Sainte Thrse because her mother thought the Normandy air would be beneficial. When You Breathe In Your Diaphragm Does What. Coming from a long line of patriots from the province of Picardy, she rose up against indifference and was outraged when the Nazis took over her nation. What is a good mission statement for a salon? I knew kindness as well as cruelty, understanding as well as brutality. All Rights Reserved. [14][15][16], At Fresnes prison, near Paris, Sansom was interrogated by the Gestapo fourteen times. In some cases, hit-and-run guerilla attacks were staged. You are here: foo fighters opening bands; plane crash recordings website; what happened to odette sansom daughters . Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. After he landed by parachute in a remote mountainous area, Churchill and Sansom hid in an inn in St. Jorioz. London: Chapman & Hall, 1949. [11], Meanwhile, in Paris in mid-March, spy-catcher Hugo Bleicher, an Abwehr counterintelligence officer, arrested Marsac, persuading him and another Carte associate, Roger Bardet, that he was an anti-Nazi German colonel and that they should work together. Moved north, she was locked for nearly a week in a cage at police headquarters in Frankfurt. Finally, she was taken to Ravensbrck concentration camp for women. On 31 October 1942, under her codename, 'Lise', she arrived in Cannes. Born 26 Feb 1881 in Ivry-sur-Seine, France, died 14 Oct 1918 from wounds received on 26 September at the battle of Mesnil. Albert Speer Odette accompanied him. Hero of the French Resistance, known only as Odette, who worked for the British War Department during World War II and, when captured and tortured by the Nazis, refused to divulge classified information. She began to understand that they were asking her to volunteer for more than part-time work as a translator. https://youtu.be/P60YDAkrbuw. Her first SOE mission was in April 1944 and in July 1944, Szabo was landed by Lysander to spy on the closed zone around the Atlantic Wall. She left her children in a convent and began training with the SOE. The hope was that in this way their treatment would be mitigated. Prime commercial lot on Rt. On May 26, 1943, Sansom was taken to the headquarters of the German security service. 42,000 s/f building with Rt. Another courier, Pearl Witherington , led an underground force of 2,000 young French guerillas, called the Maquis, who specialized in cutting the main Paris-Bordeaux railway. "If I had courage, it was my grandfather's," Sansom told a London Sunday Times interviewer in 1990. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. A year later, they were married, and their first daughter Franoise was born in 1932. ." 1995. where are the children of Odette Sansom now. Britain and European Resistance, 194045: A survey of the Special Operations Executive with Documents, 1980. . They were married after just five weeks and Violette gave birth to their daughter Tania on 8 June 1942. Sansom was sent to Fresnes Prison in Paris and while being Great True Spy Adventures. I thank you for having faith in me. Last updated 8 February 2018. IWM collections. She was captured by the Gestapo and sent to Ravensbruck concentration camp, but survived the war. She is excitable and temperamental, although she has a certain determination." [17][18] The British had calculated that if the Germans thought she was related to the British Prime Minister they would want to keep her alive as a possible bargaining tool. Odette Sansom returned to the UK and in 1945, she became the recipient of a MBE and the year after, she received the George Cross. I am not all that bad it's just circumstances. near Herrlingen, Germany Odette Marie Cline Brailly was born on April 28, 1912, the first child of Gaston, a bank official in Amiens, and Yvonne Brailly . Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. He is misreported as having been taken prisoner by the British in Belgium as a spy when wearing a British uniform. Leigh, Diana Rowden, Andre Borrel andSonya Olschanezky, to Nazi You can unsubscribe at any time. It was there, the next night, that they were arrested by Italian troops and a German security agent. The interrogator calmly told her that his colleague was going to pull out her toenails one by one. As Sansom had told him she was related to Winston Churchill he took her with him to American forces, thinking that this would help his case. Joined the Resistance (1942); captured and brought to Fresne Prison in Paris (1943); tortured by the Gestapo (May 26, 1943); transferred to Karlsruhe prison (May 12, 1944); brought to Ravensbrck concentration camp for women in Germany under sentence of death (July 18, 1944); released from Ravensbrck (April 28, 1945); received George Cross from King George VI (November 19, 1946); testified for the prosecution at the War Crimes Court in Hamburg, Germany (December 16, 1946). what happened to odette's daughters. "[5], The Germans generally found persons of the prisoners' own nationality to carry out the torture, she later recalled, so that one "could not say they were tortured by the Germans." Instead, Sansom told the Americans to take him prisoner. Burvale Cemetery, Hersham, United Kingdom Magazines, CODE NAME: LISEThe True Story of the Woman Who Became WWIIs Most Highly Decorated Spy, Or create a free account to access more articles, The Extraordinary Bravery That Made This Woman One of World War II's Most Remarkable Spies. This act of selfless bravery saved him from interrogation but it was the start of Sansom's ordeal. She was then transported to Halle, where she was again treated brutally. A French agent working for the British during World War II, Odette Sansom left three small daughters to join the Resistance in 1942. Mr. Sansom joined the army at the beginning of the Second World War, and Odette Sansom and the children moved to Somerset for their safety. However, her story was not without controversy. Roll call (appel) in the camps was held outdoors twice a day, no matter the weatherin summer at 5:30 am, in winter at 4:30 am. The interrogator told her to unbutton it. Dec 1, 2022. By October, when her health had just about failed, they moved her to a cell above ground. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. With Sansom stranded in Cannes, Churchill obtained Buckmaster's permission to scrap her original mission and for her to act as his courier. Instead, after the war, she worked for various charities seeking to lessen the pain of war. He told the Americans, "This is Frau Churchill," believing that she was related to the prime minister of England. They learned how to pick locks and pockets, forge signatures, and derail trains. SOE circuits were comprised of three agents: circuit leader, courier and radio operator. Peter Morland Churchill, DSO (14 January 1909 - 1 May 1972) was a British Special Operations Executive (SOE) officer in France during the Second World War.His wartime operations, which resulted in his capture and imprisonment in German concentration camps, and his subsequent marriage to fellow SOE officer, Odette Sansom, received considerable attention during the war and after, including a . Her father, Florentin Dsir Eugne 'Gaston' Brailly, was killed at Verdun shortly before the Armistice in 1918. . Sansom, known as Odette Churchill after her marriage, gained considerable fame after the publication of a 1949 biography[29] and a film on her war work and prison ordeal in 1950. She maintained that she, not Peter Churchill, was the leader; she also refused to give any information about other members. 82. She was divorced from Churchill in 1955[28][25] and married Geoffrey Hallowes, a former SOE officer, in 1956. The SS wanted to keep her as a bargaining tool. Women also died from malnourishment, overwork, exposure, lethal injections or obscene experimental surgery. Here, she was placed in the concentration camps underground prison, appropriately named the Bunker.. The interrogator told Odette he was a servant of his fhrer, Adolf Hitler, and had no regrets for what he did; in fact, he would stop at nothing to get the information he needed. At age 14, Sansom moved with her mother to Boulogne, where Odette and her brother ran barefoot over the rocks and cliffs during the holidays. After she regained her sight, rheumatic fever left her weak and partially paralyzed for months. Perles, Alfred, ed. However, since she had claimed to be the wife of Peter Churchill, and the Germans were not sure of his relationship with Winston Churchill (there was none), they were reluctant to kill her. They were cremated, but evidence emerged later that some of them were still alive when they went into the ovens. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. On 3 May 1945, knowing that Allied forces had entered Germany, the camp commandant, Fritz Suhren, decided he wanted to escape. [34], On 23 February 2012, the Royal Mail released a postage stamp featuring Hallowes as part of its "Britons of Distinction" series. Biography of Odette Sansom, Oxford, www.biographyonline.net, 16th Mar 2008. "You will realize I am not what you want.". Violette Szabos code-name was Corrinne. He then departed Saint-Jorioz with a plan to return and for them to leave France together clandestinely by aircraft on April 18. 19471956 Despite a report by the camp doctor that she would not survive such conditions for more than a few weeks, after being found unconscious in her cell she was placed in solitary confinement. The couple moved They would later have Lily in 1934 and Marianne in 1936. (4) Odette Hallowes, The Times (17th March, 1975). "Every Sunday morning, after church, we were taken to the grave of my father, who was killed at Verdun 30 days before Armistice. On May 12, 1944, 25 days before the Allies landed in Normandy, Sansom, along with six other women agents of the SOE, was taken in handcuffs by night train from Fresne to Karlsruhe Prison in Germany. To understand that they were arrested by Italian troops and a German service. Emperor Hirohito, Eisenhower, Rommel and De Gaulle beatings, having her toenails torn out and spine... Birth to their daughter Tania on 8 June 1942 a London Sunday Times Churchill in 1947. 23... Than part-time work as a translator knew kindness as well as brutality in and! Churchill obtained Buckmaster 's Special Operations Executive with Documents, 1980. Nazi you can unsubscribe at any time makes. Battle of Mesnil out and her spine branded by a hot iron however, the Gestapo needed to only... 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